Basic surface treatment technology

1. Mechanical processing

Mechanical polishing: using sandpaper and polishing wheels to polish step by step, achieving a mirror like surface finish and improving the appearance texture and subsequent coating adhesion.

Sandblasting treatment: Removing oxide layer and impurities through high-speed sand particle impact, suitable for the pre-treatment stage.

2. Chemical treatment

Chemical polishing: using weak acid or alkaline solution to dissolve micro protrusions on the surface, quickly improving the smoothness, and requiring subsequent sealing treatment to prevent oxidation.

Acid washing purification: using a mixture of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid to remove oxide scale and pollutants, providing a clean substrate for coating or heat treatment.

Functional enhancement technology

1. Electrochemical treatment

Anodizing: Applying voltage in sulfuric acid electrolyte generates a dense oxide film with controllable thickness, significantly improving wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility.

Micro arc oxidation: A ceramic oxide layer is generated in situ on the surface through high-voltage discharge, with a hardness of HV 1500 or higher, suitable for nuclear power and marine equipment.

2. Heat treatment modification

Nitriding treatment: Plasma nitriding or laser nitriding forms a TiN/Ti ₂ N hard layer, increasing surface hardness to HV 2000 and reducing friction coefficient by 60%.

Carbonization treatment: At high temperatures, carbon atoms diffuse to form a TiC layer, which is suitable for wear-resistant transmission components and has a high temperature resistance performance of up to 800 ℃.

Coating and Composite Technology

1. Lubrication and anti adhesion coating

Graphite emulsion coating: before hot drawing, it is coated with lotion containing 20-25% graphite, which has both lubrication and oxidation resistance functions and reduces processing loss.

Fluorophosphate coating: forms a low friction coefficient lubricating film through chemical conversion, suitable for multi pass drawing process.

2. High performance functional coating

Bioceramic coating: After acid-base pretreatment, immerse in a simulated body fluid solution to generate a hydroxyapatite layer, which is used for surface biological activation of orthopedic implants.

Diamond like carbon coating: Ion implanted carbon forms a super hard film layer, with a friction coefficient as low as 0.05, suitable for precision transmission components.

Advanced Surface Engineering Technology

1. Laser surface treatment

Laser cladding: Using TC4 titanium powder as raw material, a wear-resistant alloy layer is deposited on the surface of the titanium rod, increasing the wear resistance by 5 times.

Laser surface alloying: simultaneous injection of nitrogen/carbon elements to form a gradient strengthening layer, suitable for aircraft engine blades.

2. Ion implantation technology

Nitrogen/oxygen/carbon plasma injection depth reaches 0.1-1 μ m, surface hardness increases by 3 times, corrosion resistance current density decreases by 2 orders of magnitude, suitable for hydrogen energy storage and transportation components.

Technological development trend

Composite modification technology: combining anodizing and magnetron sputtering to develop TiO ₂/Ag nano antibacterial coatings and expand medical applications.

Green process upgrade: Promote cyanide free electroplating and low-temperature plasma treatment to reduce energy consumption and pollution.

Intelligent control: an AI based process parameter optimization system that achieves precise control of film thickness and performance.